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Archive for March, 2014


Day 8: Our “Free Day” in the City

March 21st, 2014 by glb1

So today was the long awaited free day. I was definitely looking forward to today because I knew I would be able to venture around the city and do some more exploring. And it turned out to substantially meet my high expectations.

Melissa and Hira already had their own individual plans for the day so that left myself, Evan, Michael, and Tina to set a game plan and get around the city together. Feeling like I was on an episode of “The Amazing Race,” we set out in the morning to our first location, the Chinese Pavilion. Without the guidance of CJ and Professor Fang, I had to bear the heavy load of using my poor Chinese to communicate and navigate around the city.

Without being too long winded, we made it to the pavilion and then to the Jade Buda Temple without too many hiccups. Our final location to hit was the Bund, primarily because Tina missed it the first time everyone went. I learned many things from today. Mainly, that I have much to learn in terms of my Chinese speaking abilities and on a related note how dynamic of a role that CJ (as well as Professor Fang) played in being our “tour guide” through the week. So thank you both for everything you have done! Another memorable aspect of the day was how much attraction we brought to a number of locals there as we made our way around. I felt like we were some celebrities as we were asked to take pictures with a few people along the way because of how obviously different we looked!

Now as I pack up all my things into my over packed suitcase, I can say that I did everything I could to capitalize on the brief time we had in this amazing city.  Everything from the lectures, the food we ate, and the sites we visited, and the time we shared together I found made this trip one of the most memorable I have had in my life thus far. I hope to make my way back to this great city in the future but for a longer time next time.

Day 7: Last Lectures and the Water Town

March 20th, 2014 by glb1

Today we had our final two lectures and at this point I felt it very surprising how quickly we’ve journeyed through the week to many places across central Shanghai and have gained a fair amount of information on this great city in such a short time.

Our first of two lectures came from a gentleman who was once a journalist but ventured in to a more business focused working career with a company called Eastday. This formally primarily online company has now adapted to several offline opportunities. One of the biggest things that I took from our time touring the office and speaking with the executive was how much they have expanded and diversified from their initial stages just as an online news station. While they have grown their company involvements to several other avenues of retail and media, he mentioned that they are focused on being a strong company before they become a very big company. Many of us in the lab all felt that this was one of favorite lectures primarily due to how welcoming and charismatic the executive was.

Our second lecture of the day and final one of the trip was from a PhD student who was finishing up here thesis specifically in the Muslim communities of Shanghai. While this lecture was obviously to further Hira’s understanding of her research topic, I too gained some insightful information about the way religion is handled in the secular environment that is Shanghai. It caught me by surprise that there were as many as 20 mosques in the city about a half a century ago and how it that number has been reduced to around 8 or so remaining (if I remember correctly). Another surprising finding was that while it is against the law to spread any type of religion within the city, the government didn’t outright and dismiss the worship places largely due to how long they had been in existence. As a Christian, I was curious as to how many churches or chapels may exist in a similar circumstance like the remaining mosques do? It was also great that we are able to actual visit one of the existing mosques on our way to the Water Town soon after the lecture.

As just mentioned, we took a trip down to what is called the “Water Town” in the evening. I enjoyed seeing the very authentic market places which were constructed in a series of narrow streets similar to that at Tianzifang. I bought a number of very cheap but great souvenirs here. We also had the pleasure of spending time with Melissa’s family who live in Taiwan and came to see Melissa because it was her birthday today.

After enjoying another great dinner in the town, we headed back to the central part of city were we ended the day with some memorable karaoke! It was a fun way to end a great day.

Day 6: Taking an Introspective View

March 20th, 2014 by glb1

As we approach the end of the week, I am constantly in the process of putting a conscious effort to embrace every aspect of the sites we are getting to see, the people we are meeting, and the experiences we are having all together.

With this in mind, we headed out to our first lecture at the office of a textile technology company called Shanghai Jarros New Material co. that embraced a very different philosophy than expected. Once we arrived, the first thing that we were taken to was a shrine dedicated to honor Buddha. The shrine was available to those of the company to send up prayers to Buddha if they chose to. This was very congruent with the principles they held as a company, of which I found the most intriguing to learn. They held a company motto that while isn’t explicitly geared to emphasize on a technical aspiration of the company, it was to “be appreciative and return what you receive,” which gives much direction as to how they treat their customers, employees, and the overall quality of work they produce. They also emphasized a list of 10 principles for everyone that works for them, which are: 1. Respect everyone; 2.Praise good deeds; 3. Correct your mistakes; 4.Be happy for someone else, enjoy other’s success; 5. Help others reach their goals; 6. Spread Good teaching to others; 7. Follow the teaching; 8. (Somehow I I missed it…); 9. Respect others wishes; 10. Give back with thanks to everyone. They are the only company within their industry that has emphasis on principles such as these. While they are derived from the philosophies of Buddhism, the employees don’t have to be practicing the religion themselves.

I believe that a major reason this company has reached the prominent level in the textile production industry as the largest company in the country for producing their certain textile, is partly due to their insightful and mindful company philosophy and approach. The executive of the company that we spoke with also gave us a very insightful note that I really connected with. He mentioned that “everything is causal, or conditioned to exist. Everything was empty, but various conditions create things to happen. Emptiness means there is the opportunity for something to happen.” I felt this went very well with the attitude that I mentioned at the beginning of the post that I have be actively working to maintain. This attitude being that everyone on this trip has been brought here to this city to accomplish a specific, treasured goal. While it may not be clear in itself, I think it is most easily realized once you take heed of every circumstance that is placed in front of you.

Day 5: Understanding Jiao Tong

March 20th, 2014 by glb1

To begin our fifth day in Shanghai, we used our usual method of travel, that being the subway, to enjoy the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Center. Of the urban exhibits featured, the one that had me in awe, I’m sure like most, was the small scale model of the central Pudong district of Shanghai. In addition to the great detail that was illustrated, their projections urban development projections to the year 2020 was inspiring to see.

We then headed to the other Jiao Tong University campus which I believe is located further southeast of the campus that we are staying at. This lecture specifically pertained to me and my research topic because it specifically addressed the environment and was given by an associate professor in the university’s environmental sciences and engineering department. This was one of the most well-prepared lectures and was filled with great content that I will most likely use within my research. Shortly after we had the dean of humanities of the university come and speak to us about Jiao Tong University itself. A point of emphasis for the university that he mentioned was that of creativity. Because the university was founded in order to better compete against the Japanese in technological innovations, there exists a very narrow, goal-oriented approach. Thus encouraging and fostering creative innovation is he mentioned will get them to the level of success that they are striving for.

From the talk about the Jiao Ting University system I also gained a new appreciation for Rice and the liberal education that students are able to acquire. Our motto of unconventional wisdom communicates everything about the way of thinking that is inspired to have due to the established understanding of how impactful it is in any endeavor one ends up exploring.

Day 4: Public Media

March 20th, 2014 by glb1

Every morning I have been able to get up and have a work out and today was the same except that I went to a gym with Michael down the road from the university called “Will’s.” Because the traditional Chinese person isn’t exactly known for going to work out facilities like this, I found it was interesting to see this adaptation to accommodate “外国人” like myself.

Today was filled with two sessions regarding public media. The first lecture was with the general manager and editor of the Global Times and the second lecture was with a two associates from the International Channel of Shanghai. I was interested to hear the information and experiences they had to share because of the governmental environment and my preconceived understanding of its influence on the general public environment. The information that I found the most significant to my particular research topic was that shared about how the serious environmental issues have impacted the public media and when reports that focused on the environment began to surface. The common answer that was communicated was that in the past 4-6 years there has been an increasing amount of coverage on environmental issues. This shift is in part due to arising health consequences of citizens, a large food scandal at the end of 2008, and even the 2009 economic downturn which subsequently influenced the of the most pressing issues of China as a whole to be reported and focused on.

The day ended with a quick visit to the French Concessions called Xintiandi. The distinct European architecture was intriguing to see within Shanghai and seeing this allowed for a visual image to be connected with the history that we had learned of the international influence and presence within the city.

Day 7 Reflection – Melissa

March 16th, 2014 by mrv3

Friday was a fantastic, fun, and full day!  We started off the morning with a visit to Eastday Company, which was an incredibly eye-opening experience.  I don’t think that there is any American company that even comes close to Eastday in terms of market penetration – they actually had a foot in every sort of business imaginable.  It was like Amazon but so, so much more – the guy that showed us around, for example, was in charge of the art and culture side of Eastday.  He gave us a tour of the company’s building and then chatted with us at a nearby tea house/art museum (also owned by the company).  Afterwards, he treated us to a huge lunch – in the middle of eating he found out that it was my birthday, and then he proceeded to have one of his henchmen purchase a birthday cake and bring it to the restaurant for us to enjoy after eating.  He was a very impressive man that was part of an even more impressive company, so it was altogether a very interesting visit – and perhaps the most eye-opening of the week.

Also because it was my birthday, my parents and younger brother came to visit for a few days (they live in Taiwan, so it’s a short and inexpensive flight for them).  They joined our group on our afternoon and nighttime “cultural tour” to the Songjiang Mosque and Zhujiajiao, and it was really nice to spend a bit of time with my family.  The Songjiang Mosque was one of my favorite places we visited over the week in Shanghai, because it was incredibly old (initially built 700 years ago!) and the people there were warm, welcoming, and more than willing to show us around and let us take pictures.  Zhujiajiao, however, was slightly disappointing, for several reasons.  Firstly, it was very, very cold (obviously this has nothing to do with the place itself, but it made the experience significantly less enjoyable nonetheless).  Secondly, and possibly because of the cold, it was not very lively – only a handful of shops were open, and it was slightly awkward to walk around because we were some of the only people visiting the area.  Thirdly, it felt like we were intruding on peoples’ lives – people actually live in that area, and because it is less popular and therefore less touristy than other areas in and around Shanghai, it sort of felt like we were being intrusive.

Despite my slight disappointment with Zhujiajiao (I don’t think the others shared this sentiment, so it was still a fun excursion!), it was a wonderful day – especially because we went to karaoke after we returned to the city to celebrate my birthday!  Asian karaoke is so incredibly fun, and it was a perfect conclusion to the day as well as the whole trip.

 

Day 6 Reflection – Melissa

March 16th, 2014 by mrv3

This day was a very relaxed one.  We had a lot of recuperation time in the morning because we were originally supposed to go to Hangzhou for the day, but instead we had the morning off before a tour of a high-tech company outside Shanghai in the afternoon.  The tour was really interesting although I didn’t understand much of what was discussed at the meeting (economics and high-tech things).  What I did find incredibly intriguing, though, was that the company had a very strong Buddhist element in the running of the company.  We got to see their own Buddhist shrine (which, if I remember correctly, displayed several pictures of prominent Buddhist monks coming to visit the company), and we also listened to them speak at length about how the core principles of Buddhism deeply influence how their company is run in terms of customer relations as well as how they treat their employees on a daily basis.  I didn’t get to ask if their employees are all Buddhist – although I doubt the answer would be yes.  I didn’t understand exactly what their products were (we were given a fancy booklet listing and explaining them all, but it was in industrial jargon that I couldn’t even begin to comprehend), but it was still a fascinating visit.  The ride over to the company was interesting as well, because we drove through a part of outer Shanghai that was entirely under construction.  Most of the places we had previously visited were already highly developed areas, so it was neat to see evidence of Shanghai’s rapid expansion.

Day 7 – E-Commerce and Islam

March 15th, 2014 by mjr8

The seventh day of the trip was an eventful one to say the least.  We went to a company that was called “Eastday.” This company is an e-commerce company that is very diverse, in the way that they run many online businesses. Less than two years ago, however, they were nothing more than a news website. With a vision to be profitable and to become modern, they converted their business into a multi-purpose one. Now they deal with art, news, bedding, and a plethora of other products.

Part of the reason why they were able to start up and grow so rapidly is because of the central government and its policies. It seems to be a recurring theme in most of the businesses we visit, that the central government has a positive role in the growth of each company. In this case, the central government offers provinces money to start websites because of the wide range of users they can attract, which, in the end, results in profit and more capital. What is special about Eastday is that they have diversified their business. They act as a financial service platform for people who are interested in buying paint. In addition, they even own jade mines in parts of the country. These jade mines help them acquire materials to make some of their products such as the world’s thinnest bowl. Another reason why they have been successful is because of a style they utilize called Online to Offline. This means that Eastday creates websites for many types of products, where people can browse freely, and then when they are ready to purchase these prospective buyers can go to the physical store locations. This is done to make both of their online and offline businesses successful and it has worked very well. They are one of the largest websites stationed in the city of Shanghai.

The fact that Eastday encourages local, small businesses rather than consume them is very inspiring for businesses back here in the United States. Here in the United States many large corporations and businesses seem to run many of the local businesses in our cities to the ground. They cannot compete with mega stores that sell literally everything. Eastday doesn’t believe in this concept because they realize how important it is to have local businesses and jobs in the city. If I were to describe them, I would say that they are the equivalent to Amazon in the way that they host items that are sold from physical stores.

The next lecturer that we had was a scholar on Islam in China. Many people wouldn’t even expect a country like China to have a sizable Muslim population, but they actually do. There are over 23 million Muslims in China, representing 1.8% percent of the population. To make a comparison, in the United States they represent less than 1% percent. Most of the Muslim population actually lives in the Northwestern regions, away from the major eastern cities. They also tend to live in close, small communities.

It is also important to mention that the government has been very diligent to protect the rights of these people over the years. Because of this, there are special schools, day cares, and places for Muslims to go to. There are even over 140 separate stores that sell food specialized for Muslims and special areas for Muslim funerals. An interesting fact, there are a total of 2000 beef noodle stores in Shanghai. The reason why this is relavent and important is because beef noodles were first created in China by a Muslim ethnic group called the Hui, so this food is very cultural to the Muslims in Shanghai.

While there are over 8 mosques located in the city, there is not enough places of worship for them. In a city of 24 million people this is to be expected. The locations of the mosques are also a large problem. Most of them are clumped together and are in areas that are not primarily Muslim. Because of this there are many “temporary” places of worship for these people. Technically speaking, temporary places of worship are illegal, but the government does not do much because they understand the precarious situation in which the Muslim population is in. For the last 10 years, the central and municipal government has actually studying these locations to aid in finding a resolution for temporary places of worship. Before the PRC was established, though, there were over 20 different mosques, but the cultural revolution led to the closure of such mosques.

As expected, there are some problems associated with this minority group in China. Many of them haven’t had any interaction with the outside world and as a result, they don’t have much of an education. A typical Muslim minority in China has only a junior high education. This is troubling because it puts them, as a whole, at a disadvantage in society. However, they do have a place in the government’s Communist Party.

Learning about both E-commerce and Islam in China was very fulfilling. It was eye opening to see that there are still companies in the world who value local businesses, not so much about expansionism. Eastday, in my opinion, runs by a great business model and I attribute that to their success. As for Islam in China, it is analogous to the situation of minorities here in the United States where many of the minorities in the country suffer from education and financial problems. I will say that this was yet another comparable situation that impelled me to think that maybe China is not that much different from the United States. Sure there are definitely cultural and governmental differences, but as humans we suffer from the same problems in the world.

Day 6 – Technology in Shanghai

March 15th, 2014 by mjr8

On the sixth day of the trip we had visited a textile company that goes by the name of Jaros. Jaros is a company that is like no other. First and foremost, their “management model” is based off of Buddhist teachings. They believe that acting in this way will result in a successful company. Here are some of the methods:

  • Respect everybody
  • Praise good deeds
  • Correct mistakes
  • Be happy for someone else
  • Help others reach their goals
  • Spread good teachings to others
  • Follow these teachings
  • Respect diversity
  • Make everyone benefit from good deeds

Their aim is to make a business that has a great environment for their workers, a place where people can express themselves and grow as people. It seems to work because they sell products to England, the U.S., Bangladesh, Pakistan, and a handful of other countries. They have over 400 patents and over 50 key products in China. They even got 2nd place in China’s competition for technological innovation. Most of this success has come from the management of the business itself, but it is also because of the central government’s involvement.

The government’s “Commission of Development and Reform” directly supports businesses such as Jaros. The “Commission for Economic Information” even provides informational support to companies like this to help them out with logistics, etc. If they meet goals set by the government, they also get preferential treatment in the form of lower taxes and other credits. The business environment in China seems to be much different than the environment here in the United States. Here in the United States most businesses operate on their own and don’t get direct government help. Sure their are downsides to China’s model and the United State’s model, but I would think that if businesses in the U.S. got more assistance then there would definitely be more results to show for.

I was curious as to how this company was so successful in driving out all foreign competition in China and how they are able to sell to many different countries around the world. I got a simple answer from them. The biggest factor would be the price of the products. The pricing is, on average, 1/5 times cheaper than products made in the Netherlands and United States. The catch is that the quality is comparable to the quality from other Western companies. This strategy, I was told, has been a large contributor to their success overseas. They also have a policy where they will help build their products in the consumer’s country to lower the manufacturing price for their company. This is called localized production. Other factors include:

  • Joining the WTO
  • Lower labour prices
  • Cheaper materials

I find it interesting how some companies in China operate. Not only do they get direct help from the government because of the government realizing the potential gain from doing so, but they are focused on competitiveness. They aren’t trying to outsource their work or create a bad environment for their workers in search of profit. They have taken an approach that I think many of our businesses in the United States should be emulating and that is to encourage innovation and create better business environments by means of government action.

Day 5 – Education and Pollution in Shanghai

March 15th, 2014 by mjr8

On the fifth day of our trip we went to a different Jiao Tong campus, a much larger one I might add. Here we met our first lecturer of the day. This person gave us some insight into the environmental problems that plague Shanghai and how the government has acted to reverse these effects. Surprisingly, the data was not as bad as many of us expected. As I said in another blog post, we often hear of China and its pollution problems and how the government isn’t doing anything to correct them. This is a false misconception most likely brought upon by the media and other’s uninformed opinions. In fact, the government has forced some factories to move outside of the city so their pollution and waste won’t directly affect the health of millions of people in one concentrated area. In addition, starting around 2010, the amount of industrial discharge of waste water has actually been decreasing. Most people wouldn’t know this information because we tend to look for scrutiny more than we do facts.

What we were told by the Environmental Engineer was that the government was taking extreme measures to curtail the devastating and rapid effects of air, water, noise, and solid waste pollution that has been affecting the city for years. Not only does pollution affect people’s health, but  we were informed that pollution reduces GDP growth by 3-5% . It is no wonder the government has been proactive in investing in green energy as well as creating policies that limit the amount of pollution a factory can produce in city limits. I get the indication that although they do have economic interests in mind, they have been listening to the public more on this matter too. They could easily ignore this problem, maybe even suffer from a marginally lower GDP growth rate that won’t effect their already fast growth, but ultimately they have taken action to ebb the public’s dissent and to make their country a cleaner one.

Ways that the government have stemmed pollution in Shanghai is by increasing clean energies such as solar and wind, creating more automobile exhaust standards, and by adjusting the city’s layout. As of now, around ninety percent of the energy used in China originates from fossil fuels while the amount of renewable energy usage exists at less than 1 percent. While the number is staggeringly low, China has slowly been increasing their investment in creating sustainable development and energy. The percentage of the country’s GDP that goes towards this stands at around 3 percent, almost half of the percentage of what the US spends.

Our second lecturer discussed Jiao Tong University and the general college admissions process in the country. It was interesting to see that it paralleled ours in many ways. First and foremost, they all have to take college entrance exams and based off of what score a student makes, they will then be placed in a university that is proportional to their scores. Each year at Jiao Tong, for example, there are more than 3500 undergraduates who are admitted to the school. These people who were admitted usually scored very high on their entrance exams because Jiao Tong’s admissions scores average in the top 3 in the country. This is similar to our elite schools because usually students who are admitted to these schools are students who have scored much higher than the rest of the country. However, they do conduct interviews that differ from the pre-admission interviews that are often held here in the states. At Jiao Tong, you are either interviewed by 4 faculty members or you are interviewed with 7 other kids. It is interesting because when they interview you with 7 other students they have you debate currents events. They do this to observe how students react, argue, and show leadership skills. Just like here in the states, certain groups also have different ways of getting admitted into a school. They admit some people based off of artistic and athletic talent. Though they still need to take the standardized exam for college entry, the requirements for them tend to be lower.

One of the biggest problems that their schools are facing is the supposed lack of creativity. It was after the Japanese-Sino War where this started to be the case. Much emphasis was put on science and technology, while arts and other humanities were ignored. This is but one problem. Another problem that they aim to tackle is the lack of quality students in graduate schools. Since most of the best students immediately leave after obtaining their undergraduate degree because of getting a great job, most of the “least desirable” students are left to go to graduate school. From the looks of it, faculty members and officials are well aware of these problems which also means that they are taking measures to fix them.

It was definitely interesting to be able to see the actual data on the environmental problems in Shanghai and China. Most of the time we just listen to news reports about the smog in China and form some misconception about the country as a whole. Little do most people know, China is actually taking steps to reduce pollution problems because it not only affects their economy, but it also affects the people as well. As for Jiao Tong, it isn’t that much different than many of our elite schools here in the United States. After all, both schools have similar requirements for entrance exams and both schools look for an all-around student. It seems that both China and the United States aren’t that much different!